Another major narrative change during the patriotic education campaign [of the 1990s] was from a victor to a victim narrative…Chinese modern history is a history of humiliation in which China gradually degenerated into a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society; at the same time, it is also a history that Chinese people strived for national independence and social progress and persisted in their struggle of anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism. It is also the history of the success of the New-Democratic Revolution under the leadership of the Communist Party.